English: Perfection.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pāramitā
The Prajñapāramitā sūtras (प्रज्ञापारमिता सूत्र), and a large number of other Mahāyāna texts list six perfections (1-6). In the Ten Stages Sutra, four more pāramitās are listed (7-10).
- dāna (giving) pāramitā (दान पारमिता): generosity, giving of oneself (in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, 布施波羅蜜; in Tibetan, སྦྱིན་པ sbyin-pa)
- śīla (discipline) pāramitā (शील पारमिता): virtue, morality, discipline, proper conduct (持戒波羅蜜; ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས tshul-khrims)
- kṣānti (patience) pāramitā (क्षांति पारमिता): patience, tolerance, forbearance, acceptance, endurance (忍辱波羅蜜; བཟོད་པ bzod-pa)
- vīrya (drive) pāramitā (वीर्य पारमिता): energy, diligence, vigour, effort (精進波羅蜜; བརྩོན་འགྲུས brtson-’grus)
- dhyāna pāramitā (ध्यान पारमिता): one-pointed concentration, contemplation (禪定波羅蜜, བསམ་གཏན bsam-gtan)
- prajñā (wisdom) pāramitā (प्रज्ञा पारमिता): wisdom, insight (般若波羅蜜; ཤེས་རབ shes-rab)
- upāya (skillful means) pāramitā (उपाय पारमिता): skillful means (方便波羅蜜）
- praṇidhāna pāramitā (प्राणिधान पारमिता): vow, resolution, aspiration, determination (願波羅蜜）
- bala pāramitā (बल पारमिता): spiritual power (力波羅蜜）
- jñāna pāramitā (ज्ञान पारमिता): knowledge (智波羅蜜）