🍃

Session 4 - Non-Human Characteristics

Characteristic of Deva Samādhi

因清淨信心,   及以眾善業,  受諸天勝報,   端正殊妙身。 

Due to a pure, faithful mind, And an abundance of good karma One receives the superb rewards of [rebirth in] heaven And a proper body of special beauty.

珍寶諸宮殿,   非由造作成,  曼陀羅妙花,   亦無種植者。 

Precious jewels and palaces Appear without work or effort. Marvelous mandārava flowers, While no one plants them.

如是不思議,   皆因業力起,  能現種種相,   猶若淨琉璃。 

Inconceivable, like this, Are the arisings from the power of karma, Able to manifest all kinds of characteristics Like a piece of clear lapis lazuli.

如是殊妙身,   及諸宮殿等,  皆從虛妄生,   是名天三昧。

The especially beautiful bodies, And palaces and other things All arise from erroneousness, This is called the Deva Samādhi

Characteristic of Nāga Samādhi

受此諸龍身,   由不修於忍,  興澍大雲雨,   遍滿閻浮提。 

They are reborn in nāga bodies, Those who do not cultivate patience, Generating great clouds of rain They inundate Jambudvīpa.

不從前後際,   亦不在中間,  而能生此水,   復歸於大海。

Neither from before or after, And not from somewhere within, Yet able to generate water, Which then, to the ocean, returns.  

如是諸龍等,   積習性差別,  起於種種業,   業亦無有生。 

Like this are the nāgas, Habits of differentiation accumulating, Giving rise to all kinds of karma, Yet karma, too, has no arising.

一切非真實,   愚者謂為有,  能如是了知,   是名龍三昧。

Everything unreal, The ignorant say exists To be able to know like this Is called The Nāga Samādhi

Characteristic of Yakṣa Samādhi?

是大夜叉身,   從於自心起,  是中無有實,   妄生於恐怖,  亦無有怖心,   而生於怖畏。 

A great yakṣa body, Arises from the mind itself, Within which there is nothing real, From error arises fear, And though there is no fearful mind, There is the arising from fear.

觀法非實故,   無相無所得,  空無寂靜處,   現此夜叉相,  如是知虛妄,   是夜叉三昧。

By observing that because dharmas are not real, There are no characteristics, nothing to apprehend, Empty, without quiescent abode, The manifestation of this characteristic of yakṣa Understanding error like this Is the Yakṣa Samādhi.

Characteristic of Gandharva Samādhi?

彼實無所趣,   名言假施設,  了知趣非趣,   乾闥婆三昧。

There really is no [karmic] destiny Names are just conventional designations (prajñapti); To know the destiny which is not destined [Is the] Gandharva Samādhi

「復次文殊師利!云何名為阿修羅相三昧?即說頌曰:

“Furthermore, Mañjuśrī! What is the Characteristic of Asura Samādhi?” Then he spoke in verse saying:

修羅相所印,   其相本無生,  無生故無滅,   阿修羅三昧。

The ‘seal’ (mūdra) of the characteristic of asura, Their characteristic is originally without arising, Since unarisen, without cessation, [This is the] Asura Samādhi.

Characteristic of Garuḍa Samādhi?

無身以為身,   名字假施設,  名相無所有,   迦樓羅三昧。

Bodilessness for a body, Names are just designations The characteristics of names are without existence, [This is the] Garuḍa Samādhi

「復次文殊師利!云何名為緊那羅相三昧?即說頌曰:

“Furthermore, Mañjuśrī! What is the Characteristic of Kinnara Samādhi?” Then he spoke in verse saying:

法無作而作,   說為緊那羅,  了知此不生,   緊那羅三昧。

Dharmas are uncreated, therefore create(d) What is said to be a Kinnara, Knowing this to be unarisen, [Is the] Kinnara Samādhi.

Characteristic of Mahoraga Samādhi?

彼由於名字,   隨世而安立,  是中無有法,   而妄起分別。 

There is that because of a name, According to the world it is therefore established, Wherein there is nothing (no dharma), Yet from error arises differentiation.

了知此分別,   自性無所有,  彼相寂靜故,   摩睺羅三昧。

To know this differentiation, Without having inherent nature That characteristic quiescent and so Mahoraga Samādhi

Characteristic of Naraka Samādhi (’Hell Dweller’)

地獄空無相,   其性極清淨,  是中無作者,   從自分別生。 

Hell dwellers are empty, without characteristics, Their nature is extremely pure, Therein, there is no creator, They arise [only] from differentiations of self.

我坐道場時,   了此無生相,  無相無生故,   其性如虛空,  此相皆寂靜,   是地獄三昧。

When I sat upon the site of enlightenment, And realized this characteristic of non-arising, Due to characteristiclessness and unarisenness, Their natures are like empty space, This characteristic that is completely quiescent Is the Hell Dweller Samādhi.

Characteristic of Animal Samādhi?

如雲現眾色,   是中無有實,  能令無智人,   於此生迷惑,

Like clouds appearing to be various colors, Really they are without color But they are able to cause an unwise person To become confused about this,

於彼畜生趣,   而受種種身。 猶如虛空雲,   現於諸色像, 

And about those born as animals, Receiving all kinds of different bodies, Just like clouds in the sky, They appear in all shapes and sizes,

了知業如幻,   不生迷惑心,  彼相本寂靜,   是畜生三昧。

Understanding karma to be like an illusion Not giving rise to a confused mind, That characteristic being originally quiescent, Is the Animal Samādhi.

Characteristic of Yama World Samādhi?

造作純黑業,   及以雜業者,  流轉閻羅界,   受於種種苦。

By creating pure and impure karma, And one who creates mixed karma, Transmigrates through the Yama World, Receiving all kinds of suffering.  

實無閻羅界,   亦無流轉者,  自性本無生,   諸苦猶如夢,  若能如是觀,   閻羅界三昧。

In reality there is no Yama World And no one who transmigrates Inherent nature is originally without arising, All suffering is just like in dreams, If one can observe like this Yama World Samādhi.