In the Satipaṭṭhāna Sutta (“Foundations of Mindfulness”) MN #10, the Buddha gives five examples of dharmas to be contemplated as the fourth foundation of mindfulness.
The Five Hindrances / nīvaraṇā
- Sensual desire / kāmacchanda
- Ill-will / vyāpāda
- Sloth-and-torpor / thīna-middha
- Anxiety-and-regret / auddhatya-kaukritya
- Doubt / vicikitsā
The Five Aggregates / skandha
- Form / rūpa
- Sensation / vedanā
- Perception / saṃjñā
- Conditioning / saṃskāra
- Consciousness / vijñāna
The Six Sense Bases / āyatanas
- Eye
- Ear
- Nose
- Tongue
- Body
- Mind
The Seven Limbs of Awakening / sapta-bodhyanga
- Mindfulness / smrti
- Investigation [of dharma] / vicaya
- Drive / vīrya
- Joy / prīti
- Tranquility / praśrabdhi
- Concentration / samādhi
- Relinquishment / upekshā
The Four Noble Truths / catvāri āryasatyāni
- Suffering / duḥkha
- Its accumulation / samudaya - via craving / tṛ́ṣṇā
- Its cessation / nirodha
- The Path / mārga leading to its cessation